وفّر 50٪ من خلال الاشتراك السنوي في مجرة واحصل على تصفح لا محدود لأفضل محتوى عربي على الإنترنت.
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هي فرع من فروع علوم الحاسوب، يهدف للوصول لآلة ذاتية التشغيل، أي آلة يمكنها العمل دون تدخل بشري، حيث يمكنها التعلم واتخاذ القرارات من تلقاء نفسها.
أسست جذورها خلال القرن العشرين، حيث بدأ علماء الرياضيات في تطوير آلات تقلد ميزات معينة في الإنسان، وتكمل الحسابات بسرعة وموثوقية أكبر. كان عالما الفيزيولوجيا العصبية، وارن مكولوتش ووالتر بيتس، أول من قدّما وصفاً لنظرية التشغيل الذاتي المحدود عام 1943.
يمكن أن تكون الآلات ذاتية التشغيل بسيطة أو معقدة، ويمكن استخدامها لمجموعة متنوعة من المهام.
تعد الآلات ذاتية التشغيل نماذج رياضية يمكن استخدامها لحل المشكلات في الذكاء الاصطناعي. يمكن استخدامها لتمثيل وحل المشكلات بعدة طرق، بما في ذلك آلات الحالة المحدودة، وآلات تورينغ. كما يمكن استخدامها لتمثيل وحل المشكلات بعدة طرق.
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